Fibromyalgia: Causes, Symptoms & Physiotherapy Management
Fibromyalgia is a chronic disorder characterized by widespread musculoskeletal pain, fatigue, sleep disturbances, and cognitive difficulties. It affects daily function and significantly reduces quality of life.
Causes of Fibromyalgia
- Abnormal pain perception processing
- Physical or emotional trauma
- Infections or autoimmune disorders
- Genetic predisposition
- Stress and poor sleep quality
Symptoms of Fibromyalgia
- Widespread muscle pain
- Fatigue and unrefreshing sleep
- Brain fog (“fibro fog”)
- Headaches
- Depression or anxiety
- Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)
- Numbness or tingling
Diagnosis
There is no specific lab test. Diagnosis is based on clinical criteria including history, physical examination, and ruling out other conditions. The ACR (American College of Rheumatology) uses a Widespread Pain Index (WPI) and Symptom Severity Score (SS).
Differential Diagnosis
- Rheumatoid arthritis
- Lupus
- Hypothyroidism
- Chronic fatigue syndrome
- Multiple sclerosis
Management Options
- Medication (antidepressants, anticonvulsants)
- Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT)
- Stress management techniques
- Regular low-impact exercise
- Improved sleep hygiene
Physiotherapy for Fibromyalgia in Johar Town Lahore
Physiotherapy plays a key role in managing fibromyalgia. Treatment includes:
- Gentle aerobic exercise (e.g. walking, cycling)
- Stretching and flexibility programs
- Posture and body mechanics training
- Myofascial release and soft tissue mobilization
- Pain education and energy conservation strategies
Precautions for Fibromyalgia Patients
- Avoid overexertion
- Balance activity and rest
- Track symptoms with a diary
- Practice stress-reducing techniques
- Ensure consistent sleep routine
FAQs About Fibromyalgia (Accordion Format)
What is fibromyalgia?
Fibromyalgia is a long-term condition causing widespread body pain, fatigue, and other symptoms like sleep issues and cognitive disturbances.
What causes fibromyalgia?
It is believed to involve abnormal pain processing in the brain and spinal cord, influenced by genetics, stress, infections, and trauma.
What are the early symptoms?
Early signs include persistent muscle pain, fatigue, brain fog, and unrefreshing sleep.
Is fibromyalgia a mental illness?
No, it is a neurological condition that affects pain processing, though it may coexist with anxiety or depression.
How is fibromyalgia diagnosed?
Diagnosis is clinical, based on widespread pain lasting more than 3 months and ruling out other conditions.
Can physiotherapy help fibromyalgia?
Yes, physiotherapy improves mobility, reduces pain, and helps manage fatigue through guided exercise and education.
What are the best exercises?
Low-impact aerobic activities like walking, swimming, and stretching exercises are most beneficial.
Is massage therapy useful?
Yes, gentle massage may relieve muscle stiffness and improve relaxation.
How long does it take to see improvement?
With consistent treatment, patients often notice improvements within a few weeks to months.
Can fibromyalgia be cured?
No, but symptoms can be effectively managed with a multi-disciplinary approach including physiotherapy.
Is fibromyalgia common?
Yes, it affects approximately 2–4% of the population, more commonly in women.
Can sleep affect fibromyalgia?
Yes, poor sleep can worsen symptoms significantly. Sleep hygiene is a key management strategy.
What foods should I avoid?
Foods that trigger inflammation or sensitivities such as processed sugar, gluten, and caffeine may worsen symptoms.
Is fibromyalgia considered a disability?
It can be considered a disability if it severely impacts daily life and work, depending on jurisdiction.
Who is the best physiotherapist for fibromyalgia in Lahore?
Look for experienced physiotherapists in Johar Town Lahore offering personalized care, education, and graded exercise therapy.